Entekavir is an antiviral drug for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in adults over the age of 18. The drug reduces the viral load and improves the condition of the liver.

Indications

Entekavir is prescribed for chronic hepatitis B if:

• The liver is damaged but functions normally (compensated damage). In this case, the virus is actively multiplying in the body, liver enzymes (ALT, AST) are elevated, and there are signs of inflammation or fibrosis.
• The liver is severely damaged (decompensated damage).

Contraindications

The drug should not be taken if:

• You are allergic to entekavir or its components.
• You are under 18 years of age, as the efficacy and safety have not been studied.
• You have a rare intolerance to lactose or glucose-galactose malabsorption.

Dosage and administration

It is usually taken at a dose of 0.5 or 1 mg once a day. The dosage depends on:

• The functional state of the kidneys.
• Previous experience with nucleoside treatment.
• The condition of the liver.

Some patients should take the drug on an empty stomach. This means that they should wait at least 2 hours after eating and the same amount of time before taking the next dose.

Side effects

When taking entecavir, the following side effects may occur:

• Common (1 in 10): headache, insomnia, fatigue, dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, increased liver enzymes.
• Uncommon (1 in 100): rash, hair loss.
• Rare (1 in 1000): difficulty breathing, hives, itching, facial swelling, fainting (signs of an allergy).

There may also be cases of lactic acidosis, a dangerous condition in which lactic acid accumulates in the blood. This can occur when combined with other serious illnesses or medications.

Special Instructions

Before starting treatment, consult your doctor.

If you have any kidney problems, be sure to inform your doctor, as this may affect the dosage.

In cases of HIV infection, the drug is only prescribed in combination with HIV treatment, as it may reduce the effectiveness of the therapy.

Entecavir can cause lactic acidosis and liver enlargement. Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain. This is a rare but serious complication that sometimes leads to death. Your doctor will monitor your condition regularly.

If you have previously been treated for hepatitis B, tell a specialist about it.

If liver function is impaired, discuss the possible risks and consequences with your doctor.